Formation law and ventilation optimization of temperature inversion layer in deep open pit mine
深凹露天矿逆温层形成规律与通风优化

摘要

深凹露天矿独特的地形结构易导致逆温层频繁出现，限制空气对流并加剧有害气体聚集，严重影响矿区作业安全与生产效率。研究表明，逆温层的形成受气象条件、地形特征及矿坑深度的综合作用，其稳定性和持续时间直接决定空气交换效率。通过对逆温层形成规律的分析，可识别主要控制因子，并为通风优化提供理论依据。在通风系统设计与运行中，需结合逆温层时空分布特征，合理调整风机布置与风量分配，从而削弱不利气候效应，提升空气循环能力。该思路不仅改善矿区作业环境，也对安全生产具有现实意义。

Abstract

The unique terrain structure of deep depression open-pit mines frequently leads to the formation of temperature inversion layers, which restrict air convection and exacerbate the accumulation of harmful gases, significantly impacting mining safety and production efficiency. Research indicates that the formation of these inversion layers is influenced by a combination of meteorological conditions, topographic features, and pit depth, with their stability and duration directly determining air exchange efficiency. By analyzing the formation patterns of temperature inversion layers, key controlling factors can be identified to provide theoretical foundations for ventilation optimization. In ventilation system design and operation, adjustments to fan placement and airflow distribution based on the spatiotemporal characteristics of inversion layers can mitigate adverse climatic effects and enhance air circulation capacity. This approach not only improves working conditions in mining areas but also holds practical significance for production safety.